Socrates, Archimedes, and Aristotle, were some of the most famous people that ever came out of ancient Greece. What they did in life greatly influenced and impacted the world today. I will go through all three of them, and give you a brief description of each.
First. Socrates:
Socrates was known to be the first philosopher, and as “The Father Of Ethics” (even tho he didn’t teach ethics). Even tho we have no writings by him we have records by Plato, (one of his students), Aristophanes, (his enemy, and playwright) and Xenophon.
He served in the war and after he became a teacher. he didn’t have a formal school, but would teach anyone who would listen. He didn’t get payed by most of the students and even though he was very good at teaching philosophy. The students either loved him or despised him. His wife did not like his teaching because he did not make money, and she did not seem like a pleasant woman.
Socrates asked many probing questions, that often couldn’t be answered with out the people admitting that their way of life was foolish. That made him a lot of enemy’s. He was put on trial for “perverting the minds of youths.” He was sentenced to death by poison, and took his punishment bravely, not trying to escape. His style of questioning is known today as the socratic method.
Archimedes.
Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Considered to be the greatest mathematician of ancient history, and one of the greatest of all time. No study of mathematics or science would be complete without him. Archimedes found that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds the volume of a cylinder that encloses it. He also discovered a law of buoyancy, Archimedes’ principle, that says a body in a fluid is acted on by an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. According to tradition, he invented the Archimedes screw, which uses a screw enclosed in a pipe to raise water from one level to another.
He wanted to find how many grains of sand would fit in the known universe. He figured it to be, (80·1015) zeroes or 80,000,000,000,000,000 grains of sand
His discoveries are these.
- Discoveries and inventions
- Archimedes’ principle
- “Eureka!”
- On Floating Bodies
- Influence
- Archimedes’ screw
- Claw of Archimedes
- Heat ray
- Modern tests
- Lever
- Antikythera mechanism
- Mathematics
- Method of exhaustion
- Archimedean property
- The infinite series
- Myriad of myriads
Writings - Legacy
And lastly. Aristotle.
He was taught by Plato and did many things, like.
Physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theatre, music, rhetoric, phycology, linguistics, economics, and politics.
He invented what is called Formal Logic, and built a school in Athens known as Lyceum.
Talk about a busy guy. He taught many notable people including Alexander the Great. Aristotle’s most important philosophical student was probably Theophrastus, who became head of the Lyceum about 323.
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